PHYSICS
222 Topic Checklist
UNIT 2
At the end of each chapter, be sure that you are familiar with all the listed topics and can do the homework problems associated with them.
Chapter 21 Electromagnetic Induction, AC Circuits This is the principle behind generators and transformers.
q
Magnetic Flux: 
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Faraday’s Law: Voltage induced by changing magnetic flux: 
q Lenz’s Law: Determines the polarity of induced EMF
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Motional EMF: 
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Induced Electric Field: A changing magnetic field induces an electric
field.
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Generators: 
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Transformers: Used to step up or down AC voltage. 
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Inductance: Unit
of M, L is Henry. 
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Reactance in AC Circuits: 
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Impedance: 
q Phasor Diagrams
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Ohm’s Law for AC Circuits: 
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Phase Angle: 
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Resonance: Frequency at which an AC circuit has maximum
response 
Chapter 22 Electromagnetic Waves Radio, TV, microwave ovens. Also light.
q Changing magnetic fields produce electric fields.
q Changing electric fields produce magnetic fields.
q EM Waves consist of electric and magnetic fields which move together at the speed of light: c = 3.00 x 108 m/s
q Accelerated Charges produce EM waves.
q
Wavelength, Frequency, Speed: 
q Electromagnetic Spectrum Radio, IR, Visible, UV, X, g.
Chapter 23 Light, Geometrical Optics Lenses and mirrors are used to form images in all kinds of useful optical instruments.
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Index of Refraction: 
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Light Rays Light
travels in a straight line in a uniform medium. Reflection and refraction occur
at boundries between materials.
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Law of Reflection: Angle of Reflection = Angle of Incidence
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Converging and Diverging Spherical Mirrors
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Focal Length of a Mirror: 
q Principal Ray Diagrams Be able to locate the image graphically and identify its properties (real, virtual, enlarged, reduced, erect, inverted).
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Real and Virtual Images
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Mirror Formulas: 
Know the sign
conventions.
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Law of Refraction: 
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Total Internal Reflection: Critical angle: 
q Converging and Diverging Lenses
q Principal Ray Diagrams: Locate and identify the image.
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Real and Virtual Images
q Lens Formulas: They are the same as the mirror formulas.
Chapter 24 Wave Optics Some useful properties of light that exist only because it has a wavelength.
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Interference: When waves come together they can reinforce
or cancel. Double slit: 
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Dispersion: Light travels at different speeds in different
materials.
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Diffraction Grating: 
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Spectroscope: Used to measure the wavelength of light.
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Polarization: Direction of the electric field vector in a
ray of light.
Chapter 25 Optical Instruments Two examples of applied optics.
q Eye: Corrections for nearsightedness and farsightedness
q Microscope: Ray diagrams
Chapter 26 Theory of Relativity Learn what space and time really are.
q Universality of Speed of Light: c = 3.00 x 108 m/s to all observers.
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Time Dilation: 
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Length Contraction: 
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Mass and Energy: 
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Mass, Energy, and Momentum Relation: 