PHYSICS
222 Topic Checklist
UNIT 3
At the end of each chapter, be sure that you are familiar with all the listed topics and can do the homework problems associated with them.
Chapter 27 Quantum Theory A major change in how we think things work. Deals with the very smallest things such as atoms and electrons.
q Blackbody Radiation, Planck’s Hypothesis
q Photons, Photoelectric Effect
q Photons, Mass, Momentum, Creation and Annihilation
q Wave Properties of Particles
q Hydrogen Spectrum
(m > n)
q Bohr Theory
§ Energy Level Transitions
§ Quantization of Angular Momentum
§ Quantized Orbits
§ Quantized Energy Levels
q Energy Level Diagrams, Spectral Series
q Wave Interpretation of Electron Orbits
Chapter 28 Quantum Mechanics of Atoms The physics behind chemistry.
q Wave Function, Probability
q Electron Interference, Double Slit Experiment
q Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
q Quantum Numbers n, l, ml, ms
q Allowed Values for Quantum Numbers
§
N : 1, 2,
3, ...
§
L : 0, 1,
2, ... n-1
§
ml : -l, ... 0, ... +l
§
ms :
-1/2, +1/2
q Pauli Exclusion Principle
q Electronic Structure of Atoms
§ K, L, M, N, ... Shells
§ s, p, d, f, ... Subshells
§ Periodic Table of the Elements
q Lasers
Chapter 29 (Sections 7 and 8 only) The physics behind the electronics and computer industries.
q Semiconductors Silicon and Germanium
q Doping, p and n type
q Diodes, Rectifiers
q Transistors
q Integrated Circuits
Chapter 30 Nuclear Physics A huge amount of energy is available in nuclei.
q Protons and Neutrons
q Atomic Number, Atomic Mass Number
q Isotopes
q Mass - Energy Relationship in Nuclear Reactions 1 u = 931.5 MeV = 1.66 x 10-27 kg
q Binding Energy The mass of a nucleus is less than the mass of its parts.
q Radioactivity a, b, g
§ Neutrinos
§ Balancing Radioactive Decay Equations
§ Calculating Energy Released
q Half Life
q Radioactive Dating
q Radiation Detectors
§ Geiger Counter
§ Bubble Chamber
Chapter 31 Nuclear Energy This unit shows how nuclear reactors and other nuclear devices work. It explains the dangers associated with nuclear processes.
q Balancing Nuclear Reactions
q Energy of Nuclear Reactions
q Nuclear Fission
§ Fissionable Material
§ Role of Neutrons in Fission
§ Chain Reaction
§ Nuclear Reactors
q Nuclear Fusion
§
Proton -
Proton Cycle
§ Carbon Cycle
§ Problems in Development of Fusion Reactor
q Effects of Radiation
§ Ionization
§ Radiation damage
§ Measure of Source Activity, Curie (Ci)
§ Measure of Absorbed Dosage, rad, rem
§ Medical and Industrial Uses of Radiation
Chapter 32 Elementary Particles This is the area where most current research in physics is taking place. It is as far as we have gotten in man’s attempt to answer the ancient questions: “What is everything made of?”, “What holds it together?”, “Where did it all come from?”
q Particle Accelerators
§ Cyclotron
§ Linear Accelerator (Stanford)
§ Synchrotron (Fermilab)
§ Supercollider (Cancelled Until Further Notice)
q Basic Interactions
§ Strong
§ Electromagnetic
§ Weak
§ Gravitational
q Fundamental Particles
§ Particles and Antiparticles
§ Gauge Bosons
§ Leptons
§ Hadrons
§ Mesons
§ Baryons
§ Particle Quantum Numbers B, Le , Lm , Lt , S
q Quarks u, d, s, c, b, t
q Properties of Quarks Spin, Charge, Baryon Number, Charm, Bottomness, Topness
q Particle Interactions In Terms of Quarks
o Gluons: Interaction between Quarks The meaning of “color” charge.